Objective To summarize the best evidence on nursing care of acute Chikungunya fever (CHIKF),and to provide evidence for conducting acute care of CHIKF. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted in accordance with the 6S model, encompassing PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, as well as the official websites of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The retrieval period was from the database inception to August 25, 2025, eligible evidence sources included clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews, original research studies, meta-analyses, evidence summaries, and expert consensus statements. The evidence grading was performed in accordance with the JBI evidence pre-grading system. Results A total of 15 articles were ultimately included, comprising 5 guidelines, 3 systematic reviews, 5 expert consensus statements and 2 original research studies. These yielded 23 evidence-based findings organized into five thematic areas: fever management, arthralgia care, rash care,psychological support, and care for special populations. The core content involved dynamic symptom monitoring and the implementation of nursing interventions targeting fever, joint pain, and rash. Conclusion The best evidence on acute-phase management of CHIKF offers an evidence-based foundation for clinical nursing practice; however, the evidence should be applied in conjunction with individual patient assessments.