难治性系统性红斑狼疮患者CAR-T治疗的护理
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女,本科,主管护师,护士长

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湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2025AFC133)


Nursing care for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus undergoing CAR-T immunotherapy
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    摘要:

    目的 总结6例难治性系统性红斑狼疮患者接受嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)免疫疗法的护理经验。方法 为6例系统性红斑狼疮患者制订全流程化管理:输注前完善风险筛查,包括风险管理、基础疾病控制、感染筛查,完成细胞采集和清淋处理;输注中严格遵循无菌操作规范,控制细胞输注速度,实时监测生命体征及不良反应;输注后重点落实细胞因子释放综合征、免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征、血细胞减少的护理监测,并将心理护理、营养支持、健康教育贯穿治疗全过程。结果 6例患者均成功输注靶向CD19的嵌合抗原受体T细胞,且均达到预期治疗效果。5例出现Ⅰ级细胞因子释放综合征,其中4例表现为发热,5例出现全身各部位散在皮疹,4例出现四肢肌肉酸痛或乏力;6例均出现不同程度的白细胞减少,2例合并贫血和血小板减少;未观察到免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征。结论 CAR-T免疫疗法治疗难治性系统性红斑狼疮具有良好疗效,但并发症多,及时护理干预是促进患者治疗顺利进行的重要保障,需覆盖治疗全周期。

    Abstract:

    Objective To summarize nursing management and clinical care experience for six patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who received chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy.Methods A comprehensive, standardized nursing pathway was implemented for the six SLE patients throughout the entire treatment process. Pre-infusion measures included systematic risk assessment and management, optimization of comorbid conditions, infection screening, and completion of cell collection and lymphodepletion preparation. During infusion, strict aseptic technique was maintained, infusion rate of the cellular product was controlled, and vital signs and adverse events were monitored in real time. Post-infusion care focused on surveillance and management of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and cytopenias, while psychological support, nutritional therapy, and patient education were provided continuously across the treatment course. Result All six patients successfully received CD19-targeted CAR-T cell infusion and achieved the intended therapeutic response. Five patients developed grade I CRS, of whom four presented primarily with fever. All five experienced scattered cutaneous rashes at multiple body sites; four reported myalgia or limb fatigue. All six patients developed varying degrees of leukopenia, with two patients also exhibiting concurrent anemia and thrombocytopenia. No cases of ICANS were observed.Conclusion CAR-T immunotherapy for SLE showed favorable therapeutic effects in this small series, but was frequently accompanied by complications. Timely, comprehensive nursing interventions covering the entire treatment cycle are essential to ensure safe and smooth delivery of CAR-T therapy.

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周红,邹亮.难治性系统性红斑狼疮患者CAR-T治疗的护理[J].护理学杂志,2026,41(2):60-63,78

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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-07
  • 最后修改日期:2025-10-23
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-03-05