Objective To identify factors influencing nurses′ reflective practice, and to provide a reference for developing and refining the theoretical framework of nursing reflective practice. Methods A descriptive qualitative study guided by the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model was designed.Semi-structured in-depth individual interviews were conducted with 14 nurses, and interview data were analyzed using directed content analysis. Results Three themes and eight sub-themes emerged:individual ability (knowledge and skill level and experience accumulation; emotional regulation and stress resilience; thinking skills and cognitive resources), reflective motivation (external motivators; self-improvement aspirations), and reflective opportunity (supportive organizational climate; task characteristics; feedback mechanisms). Conclusion Nurses′ reflective practice is shaped by multiple factors.Nursing managers should implement targeted interventions to enhance nurses′ professional competencies, stimulate their intrinsic motivation, and cultivate a supportive environment for reflection, thereby optimizing reflective practice and ultimately improving quality of care.