Objective To translate the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire into simplified Chinese, and then to test its psychometric properties, for nurses in China. Methods After obtaining authorization from the author, the original questionnaire was translated into simplified Chinese, following standardized procedures:translation, back-translation, expert consultation, cognitive interviews, and pilot test. A convenience sample of 559 nurses was recruited for psychometric evaluation. Results The Chinese version of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire consists of 24 items across five dimensions: negative-difficulty identifying feelings, positive-difficulty identifying feelings, negative-difficulty describing feelings, positive-difficulty describing feelings, and general-externally oriented thinking. Exploratory factor analysis identified five common factors, accounting for 61.347% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the five-factor structure was good fit to the data (χ2/df=1.816, RMSEA=0.057, IFI=0.928, CFI=0.927, TLI=0.917). The item-level content validity index had a range of 0.900 to 1.000. The scale-level content validity average method and Cronbach′s α were 0.980 and 0.910 for the total scale, respectively. The test-retest reliability and criterion-related validity were 0.905 and 0.575, respectively. Conclusion The Chinese version of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire showed desirable psychometric properties for assessing alexithymia in nurses.