Objective To retrieve and synthesize current evidence on resistance exercise for adult cancer patients with sarcopenia, providing an evidence-based reference for clinical intervention and management.Methods A systematic search was conducted in databases including CNKI, PubMed, and UpToDate, etc., to identify relevant literature on resistance exercise interventions for adult cancer patients with sarcopenia. Eligible documents included systematic reviews, expert consensus reports, clinical guidelines, evidence summaries, and evidence-based clinical decision documents published from database inception to December 2023.Two researchers independently appraised the quality of the included studies, extracted data, and summarized the evidence.Results A total of 14 publications were included, comprising 4 clinical guidelines, 4 expert consensus reports, 5 systematic reviews, and 1 evidence summary report.Twenty-four items of evidence were synthesized across four key domains:contraindication management, pre-exercise assessment, exercise prescription, and process supervision.Conclusion The summarized evidence on resistance exercise provides an evidence-based foundation for healthcare professionals to implement appropriate intervention and management strategies for adult cancer patients with sarcopenia.