Objective To assess the current status of self-care task performance abilities among elderly patients with chronic heart fai-lure （CHF）, and to identify its main influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for developing targeted clinical care interventions aimed at enhancing patients′ self-management abilities.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 103 elderly CHF inpatients from cardiology departments of two tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang Province.Patients′ task performance abilities was assessed using the Heart Failure Core Self-Management Tasks Performance Scale through observational evaluation.Two trained specialist nurses independently observed and scored each patient′s performance.Influencing factors of the participants′task perfor-mance abilities were analyzed.Results The average total score of the participants′self-care task performance abilities was 16.7.The highest scoring tasks were correct identification of high-sodium foods and edema assessment （both 39.8%）, while the score of adjustment of diuretic dosage was the lowest （7.8%）.Univariate analysis indicated that, age, cardiac function classification, BNP and uric acid were the influencing factors of self-care task performance abilities in elderly patients with CHF （all P＜0.05）, and there were significantly negative correlation between self-care task performance abilities score and BNP and uric acid （both P＜0.05）.Logistic regression analysis showed that,age was the main influencing factor of self-care task performance abilities （P＜0.05）.Conclusion The self-care task performance abilities in elderly CHF patients is generally in a low level, which is affected by age, cardiac function status, etc.More attention should be paid to task performance deficits in older and critically ill patients, and comprehensive interventions such as enhanced skill training, optimized medication management, and individualized health education are needed to enhance patients′ disease management abilities, and ultimately improve their outcomes.