Objective To construct and apply a clinical dietary education program developed based on the best evidence for patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and to evaluate its application effects.Methods From February to March 2023, a total of 80 patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ［40 in the baseline review group and 40 in the evidence-based practice (EBP) group］ and 45 nurses in the hematology department were selected.The baseline review group received routine nur-sing care.The EBP group was subjected to an evidence-based dietary education program:review indicators were grounded in current evidence, baseline assessments were conducted according to these indicators, facilitating factors and barriers were analyzed, and evidence-based nursing interventions were implemented.Results After the application of the evidence-based practice,the dietary knowledge scores of nurses increased from （75.24±9.25） to （92.64±4.41） with significant difference （P＜0.05）; the dietary management quality scores of nurses increased.The dietary knowledge scores of patient in the EBP group averaged （83.40±9.38）,significantly higher than that in the baseline review group （66.15±8.75）; and three out of eight dietary management behaviors were significantly higher than those in the baseline review group （all P＜0.05）.Conclusion Evidence-based nursing practice can improve nurses′ dietary knowledge and standardize their implementation of dietary education for patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which is beneficial for scientific dietary management for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients.