Objective To identify latent classes of clinical nurses′ job performance, and analyze the influencing factors.Methods Using convenience sampling, clinical nurses from four tertiary general hospitals across two cities in Xinjiang were selected as participants between September and November 2024. Data were collected through a general demographic questionnaire, the Four-Dimensional Clinical Nurse Job Performance Evaluation Scale, the Nurse Information Literacy Scale, and the Healthcare Communication Competence Scale.Results A total of 3,528 clinical nurses completed the survey.Job performance among clinical nurses was classified into three latent classes:low performance （5.50%）, moderate performance （26.22%）, and high performance （68.28%）.Logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, education level, department, information literacy, and communication competence were significant factors influencing the latent classes of clinical nurses′ job performance （all P＜0.05）.Conclusion Marked heterogeneity exists in work performance of clinical nurses.Nursing managers can develop targeted interventions based on the influencing factors of the latent classes to enhance clinical nurses′ job performance.