Objective To develop a Self-management Efficacy Questionnaire for Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-related Cirrhosis and test its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the ternary interaction theory, the preliminary questionnaire was formulated through literature review, qualitative interview, group discussion, Delphi expert consultation, and a pilot survey. Then, a total of 304 and 331 patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis in March to June 2024 and in July to August 2024 were selected to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Results Four common factors with an eigenvalue greater than 1 were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, accounting for 61.127% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor structure of the questionnaire fitted well to the dataset (χ2/df=1.867，RMSEA=0.055，GFI=0.927，CFI=0.918，IFI=0.920，TLI=0.901). This questionnaire consists four dimensions with 18 item. The scale-level content validity index (CVI) and the item-level CVI were 1.000. The overall Cronbach′s α coefficient was 0.842, and the test-retest reliability was 0.987. Conclusion The Self-management Efficacy Questionnaire for Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-related Cirrhosis has good reliability and validity.