Objective To systematically integrate elderly people′s cognition and management experiences regarding oral health, providing reference for developing targeted oral health management programs. Methods Qualitative studies on elderly people′s cognition and management experiences regarding oral health in both Chinese and English databases was searched from the establishment of the database to September 2024. The quality of the literature was assessed according to the qualitative research quality standards set by the JBI Evidence-Based Healthcare Center, and a synthesis integration method was used for the induction and integration of results. Results A total of 14 articles were included, yielding 59 results, which were categorized into 10 categories, ultimately forming 4 integrated results:misconceptions about oral health among the elderly, oral health management behaviors of the elderly, barriers faced in oral health management, and the needs of the elderly in oral health management. Conclusion Elderly individuals lack a correct understanding of oral health and face numerous obstacles in management. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to their coping behaviors and needs, enhancing the family-hospital-community support system through multiple approaches and methods, and develop personalized oral health management strategies to improve the level of oral health management among the elderly.