Objective To investigate nursing quality management competency among nurses in Regional Medical Center, and to analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide a reference for improving nursing quality management competency of this population. Methods A total of 2 349 nurses from a Regional Medical Center were selected by convenience sampling method, then they were investigated by using a general information questionnaire, a self-developed competency questionnaire for nurses on nursing quality management, and the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC). Results The participants′ total score of nursing quality management competency was 342.00 (319.00,366.00), the scoring rate was 80.03%, with the subscale of clinical practice ability scoring the highest (84.04%), and the subscale of research and innovation ability scoring the lowest (75.04%). The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that, department, marital status, frequency of quality management-related training, participation in continuous quality improvement programs, and HSOPSC were the influential factors of the nursing quality management competency among nurses in Regional Medical Center (all P<0.05). Conclusion The nursing quality management competency among nurses in Regional Medical Center is at a high level. It is suggested that targeted training based on influencing factors should be conducted, and practical opportunities should be provided, so as to solidify and strengthen their competency in nursing quality management.