Objective To define the conceptual connotations of female menstrual shame to inform healthcare professionals in recogni-zing and intervening in menstrual shame. Methods The relevant domestic and international databases were searched systematically, and Walker and Avant′s conceptual analysis was used to analyze menstrual shame. Results Defining attributes of female menstrual shame consisted of low self-efficacy, self-isolation, and social distress; its antecedents included factors such as socio-cultural stigmatization of menstruation, the impact of female objectification on menstruation, and lack of knowledge about the physiology of menstruation; and its endpoints included inconvenience to daily life, neglect of care and attention to menstruation by the individual, decline in female self-efficacy and social status, and psychological burdens and negative emotions. Conclusion Menstrual shame has complex connotations, it is influenced by a variety of factors, and may seriously affect female quality of life, especially adolescent females. To accurately identify and assess menstrual shame, specific measurement tools should be developed and effective interventions should be explored to minimize the adverse effects of menstrual shame on women′s health.