Objective To search, evaluate and summarize the relevant evidence of prevention and management of non-suicidal self-injury behavior of children and adolescents, and to provide scientific and effective guidance strategies for nurses to prevent non-suicidal self-injury.Methods The guidelines, best practice expert consensus, clinical decision-making, systematic reviews, and evidence summary about non-suicidal self-injury of children and adolescents in domestic and foreign databases, related guideline websites and professional websites were systematically searched.The retrieval time limit was until December 2024.Literature quality appraisal, evidence extraction and integration were independently conducted by two researchers.Results Sixteen articles were finally included, encompassing 4 guidelines, 3 evidence summaries, 3 clinical decisions, 6 systematic reviews.A total of 28 pieces of evidence were summarized and factored into 6 aspects, including risk factors, risk assessment and screening, preventive measures, treatment and nursing, close monitoring, and professional teams.Conclusion The best evidence of prevention and management of non-suicidal self-injury behavior of children and adolescents provides scientific and reasonable practical guidance for nurses.It is suggested that nurses should fully consider patients′ own characteristics and clinical situation when applying the evidence and formulate personalized prevention and management plans.