Objective To explore the application effect of nursing project management in the treatment of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOACs) for patients with atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation. Methods From November 2019 to November 2021, a total of 351 patients (control group) who underwent the radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation received the routine care of NOACs, the current state of their medication compliance was investigated and the reasons for non-compliance with the prescribed medication regimen were analyzed. On these bases, 301 patients (observation group) who admitted from March 2022 to October 2023 were implemented the nursing project management, such as assessment, in-hospital service, out-of-hospital service and follow-up.Results During the follow-up period, the medication compliance of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group,and the incidence of bleeding events was significantly lower than that of the control group; after the implementation of the nursing project program, the scores of anticoagulation-related knowledge of atrial fibrillation radiofrequency ablation among healthcare workers were significantly improved then before (all P<0.05). Conclusion The nursing project management of NOACs for patients after radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation can improve patients′ compliance with the anticoagulants, enhance the cooperation between healthcare professionals, and promote the patient safety.