Objective To explore the characteristics of latent categories of coping modes for fear of childbirth among primiparas, and to analyze the influencing factors of the latent classes. Methods By the convenience sampling method, 532 primiparas in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from October 2022 to November 2023 were selected. The demographic questionnaire, the Revised Prenatal Coping Inventory, the Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory were used to survey the primiparas during pregnancy. Latent class analysis was used to identify latent categories of coping modes for fear of childbirth among primiparas, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of different latent categories. Results The incidence rate of childbirth fear among primiparas was 55.3%, with their coping modes categorized into 5 distinctive categories:no-fear-no-preparation (2.1%), mild-fear-poor-coping (16.7%), mild-fear-inadequate-preparation (64.9%), mild-fear-planning-preparation (10.3%), and moderate-fear-avoiding-delivery (6.0%). The results of multiple logistic regression showed that intolerance of uncertainty and childbirth self-efficacy were significant influencing factors of coping modes for fear of childbirth (both P<0.05). Conclusion The coping modes for fear of childbirth among primiparas are diverse. Medical staff should pay attention to primiparas with such coping disorders as mild-fear-poor-coping, mild-fear-inadequate-preparation and moderate-fear-avoiding-delivery, and formulate targeted intervention measures to help them foster positive coping behaviors.