Objective To translate the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale (RMRS) into Chinese and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of RMRS (Chi-RMRS).Methods Authorization was obtained from the author of the RMRS for translation and adaptation to the Chinese nurses.The Chi-RMRS was developed through translation, cultural adaptation, and pilot test.Then 699 registered nurses were recruited to test the reliability and validity of the Chi-RMRS, 293 of whom completed the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale to determine the criterion-related validity.Results Exploratory factor analysis extracted 3 factors, which accounted for 64.422% of the variance.The three factors were named as coping with moral dilemma in nursing and relational integrity, personal integrity, and moral efficacy, respectively.The Cronbach′s alpha coefficients for the total scale and three dimensions were 0.829, 0.810, 0.712, and 0.751.The split-half reliability coefficient and test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.949 and 0.872, respectively.The scale-level content validity index based on the average method was 0.901, and the item-level content validity index ranged from 0.883 to 1.000.The criterion-related validity was 0.465 （P＜0.05）.Conclusion The Chi-RMRS is reliable and valid for assessing moral resilience among registered nurses in China.