Objective To explore the group heterogeneity of volume management behaviors in peritoneal dialysis patients and analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of different categories, to provide a reference for the implementation of precise nursing interventions. Methods Two hundred and sixty-six peritoneal dialysis patients were recruited by convenience sampling method. The survey instruments included a general information questionnaire, the Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Volume Management Behavior Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Family APGAR Index (APGAR). A heterogeneity test was conducted using latent profile analysis to explore the potential classification of volume management behaviors of peritoneal dialysis patients, and unordered multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to further explore the influencing factors of latent profiles. Results Three potential categories of volume management behaviors existed in peritoneal dialysis patients:volume management negative type (15.8%), volume management ordinary type (46.6%), and volume management positive type (37.6%). Unordered multinomial logistic regression analysis results showed that, patients with a lower level of education and a dialysis frequency of >3 bags/day had a higher probability of belonging to the volume management ordinary type; patients who living in the city, had no symptoms of anxiety or depression, and had good family function were more inclined to develop the volume management positive type (all P<0.05). Conclusion There is significant group heterogeneity in volume management behaviors among peritoneal dialysis patients.Healthcare professionals should identify different groups of patients through different demographic and disease characteristics, and develop precise nursing interventions based on the characteristics and influencing factors of each group to improve the volume overload and the dialysis effectiveness of home-based peritoneal dialysis patients.