Objective To explore the effectiveness of the dyadic mindfulness-based intervention based on the Family Systems Theory on relief of emotional and behavioral problems in school-age children with epilepsy, and on relief of negative emotions of caregi-vers.Methods A convenience sample of 60 child-caregiver dyads of school-age children with epilepsy were assigned to one of two groups chronologically.The control group (n=30) was given usual neurology nursing, while the intervention group (n=30) additionally received dyadic mindfulness-based intervention based on the Family Systems Theory.The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the effect before, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention.Results The five dimension scores of the SDQ in the children, and the total SAS score and SDS score in the caregivers had significant differences between the two groups after the intervention （all P＜0.05）.Conclusion Implementation of dyadic mindfulness-based intervention based on the Family Systems Theory can effectively alleviate the emotional and behavioral problems in school-age children with epilepsy, and relieve anxiety and depression of caregivers.