Prehabilitation can reduce patients′ perioperative stress and accelerate their postoperative recovery through a variety of preoperative interventions.This paper summarizes components of prehabilitation in patients with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, barriers and facilitators of prehabilitation in clinical nursing practice, aiming to provide a reference for implementing prehabilitation in this population to enhance postoperative recovery and reduce postoperative pulmonary complications.