Objective To observe the effect of the chain management on breastfeeding and feeding complications for premature infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).Methods A total of 180 premature infants in NICU were divided into a control group and an experimental group chronologically, with 90 cases in each group.The control group received routine breastfeeding nursing, while the experimental group additionally received chain management via building and implementing horizontal management among delivery room, obstetrics department and NICU, and vertical management within each department.Results Totally 82 premature infants in the control group and 81 premature infants in the experimental group completed the whole study.After the intervention, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the rates of feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis, extrauterine growth retardation and hyperbilirubinemia of newborns in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05).In the experimental group, the days to regain birth weight was significantly shorter and the weight at discharge were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P＜0.05).Conclusion The chain management can increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in premature infants in NICU, and reduce their rate of breastfeeding complication, thereby improve the growth and development of newborns.