Maladaptive eating behaviors after bariatric surgery is a significant factor contributing to suboptimal weight loss outcomes in obese patients. This review elucidates the conceptual characteristics, current research status, measurement tools, and intervention measures for maladaptive eating behaviors in post-bariatric surgery patients. The aim is to assist healthcare professionals in selecting appropriate assessment tools, providing insights and references for screening maladaptive eating behaviors in clinical settings for post-bariatric surgery patients, and laying the groundwork for developing treatment and nursing plans for maladaptive eating behaviors in post-bariatric surgery patients in China.