Objective To understand the current situation of male nurses′ job crafting behavior and analyze its influencing factors，and provide references for targeted interventions. Methods Using purposive sampling and cluster sampling methods, 1, 527 male nurses in 16 cities in Shandong province were selected as the study subjects. The general information questionnaire, Job crafting Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Sex Role Conflict Scale were used for data collection. Results The male nurses′ job crafting score was (80.71±17.67), and the results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that dimensions of friend support and other support within perceived social support, job self-efficacy, dimensions of pursuit of success and achievement, restrictive emotional expression, and work/school-family conflict within gender role conflict were the main influencing factors for job crafting among male nurses (all P<0.05), explaining 68.4% of the total variance. Conclusion The job crafting behaviors of male nurses are at a moderately high level. Effective interventions could be developed to improve their job crafting by strengthening social support, enhancing work self-efficacy, fostering a desire for success and achievement, reducing work/school-family conflicts.