Objective To investigate the current situation of presenteeism among clinical nurses and analyze its influencing factors, providing a basis for targeted interventions. Methods From April to May 2023, a multi-stage sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 1, 421 clinical nurses from 10 grade-A tertiary general hospitals in Hunan province, using the general information questionnaire, Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6, and Nurse Job Requirements-Resources Questionnaire for data collection and analysis. Results The score of clinical nurses′ presenteeism was (16.02±5.28), with a high presenteeism rate of 56.6%. Stratified regression analysis revealed that age, self-rated health, willingness to work while ill, department, job demands, and job resources were the main influencing factors of presenteeism among clinical nurses (all P<0.05), explaining 34.0% of the total variance. Conclusion Presenteeism among clinical nurses is at a moderately high level. Attention should be given to the health status of nursing professionals, and efforts should be made to optimize the clinical work environment and increase job resources to reduce the occurrence of presenteeism.