Objective To explore the effects of structured group-based psycho-exercise intervention on loneliness, aging attitudes, and mobility of elderly people living alone in rural areas. Methods Two villages in Zhili Town, Huzhou City were randomly divided into two groups by drawing lots, and 32 elderly people living alone were recruited in each village using the convenience sampling method. The control group received the routine health management carried out by the township health center, while the intervention group received structured group-based psycho-exercise intervention once a week on the basis of routine management，lasting for 12 weeks. The Multidimensional Loneliness Scale, the Aging Attitude Questionnaire and the Living Space Mobility Scale were used to evaluate the loneliness level, aging attitude and living space mobility of the elderly. Results After the 12-week intervention, the total score of loneliness and its dimension scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those before the intervention, and the post-intervention scores in the control group, while the scores of aging attitude and living space mobility in the intervention group were significantly higher than those before the intervention, and the post-intervention scores in the control group (all P.<0.05). Conclusion Structured group-based psycho-exercise intervention can effectively alleviate the loneliness and negative aging attitude, and improve the living space mobility of the elderly living alone in rural areas.