Objective To explore current status of self-disgust and its influencing factors in patients with diabetes, and to provide a reference for medical staff to take targeted interventions to improve the mental health of diabetic patients. Methods A total of 274 patients with type 2 diabetes were surveyed using the general information questionnaire, the Questionnaire for the Assessment of Self-Disgust, the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. Results The self-disgust score of patients with diabetes was (35.46±6.39). Age, diabetes-related complications, avoidance coping, and perceived social support were the main influencing factors of self-disgust, explaining 49.6% of the total variance. Conclusion Self-disgust in patients with diabetes is slightly above medium level. Nursing staff should strengthen the assessment and screening of self-disgust levels in patients with diabetes, strengthen interventions for younger patients and those with diabetes-related complications, help patients reduce their avoidance behaviors, and enhance the level of perceived social support, in an effort to reduce their self-disgust levels.