Objective To investigate the childrearing difficulty among infant mothers and to analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide a reference for developing parenting support programs. Methods The convenient sampling method was used to select 740 mothers of healthy infants, then they were investigated by utilizing the Chinese version of Parenting Support for Mothers of Infants （PSM）. Results The subscale scores of PSM were childrearing difficulty （3.29±0.65）, family support （2.92±0.52）, the mother′s own condition （3.05±0.60）, the baby′s condition （2.96±0.55）, the husband′s and the family′s condition （2.39±0.52） respectively.The result of LASSO regression analysis indicated that, mother′s own condition, the baby′s condition, and the family condition were the influencing factors of childrearing difficulty （all P＜0.05）. Conclusion Infant mothers have a strong sense of childrearing difficulty, and it is influenced by the mother′s own condition, the baby′s condition and the family condition.Medical staff should assess infant mothers′ childrearing difficulty and its influencing factors on time, strengthen popular science education, and provide targeted help to reduce their occurrence of parenting anxiety.Social institutions should gradually improve the parenting support system to promote maternal and infant health.