Objective To assess the level of psychological resilience in gynecologic oncology patients and to explore the relationship with family APGAR, coping style and negative emotions. Methods A total of 224 gynecologic oncology patients were invited to complete a battery of questionnaires, including the Family APGAR Index (APGAR), Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Results The mean CD-RISC score was 50.88 (standard deviation=15.17). The total CD-RISC score was significantly positively correlated with APGAR and MCMQ, while negatively correlated with DASS (all P<0.05). Structural equation model showed that family APGAR had no direct effect on resilience. Coping style and negative emotions fully mediated the relationship between family APGAR and resilience and showed chain mediation effect. The total effect of family APGAR, resignation, avoidance, confrontation, and negative emotion on resilience were 0.413,-0.356,0.200,0.186 and -0.564, respectively. Conclusion Family APGAR could impact resilience of gynecologic oncology patients via coping style and negative emotion. Medical staff can provide family support network for patients by implementing family interventions, instruct patients to adopt appropriate coping style and manage negative emotions, so as to improve their psychological resilience.