Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest remains one of the world′s most difficult problems, not only because of its high incidence but also because most of the events are sudden and critical,leading to a poor prognosis. Manualcardiopulmonary resuscitation is an effective means of responding to this event, bridging the gap until the arrival of an ambulance and improving the prognosis. However, due to a variety of reasons, manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation has certain limitations. The advent of telephone-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation was partly an improvement on manual CPR. However, the disadvantages revealed by telephone-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation in practice can still affect the quality of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This study reviews the research progress of telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation with a view to advancing the development and improvement of telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation.