Objective To summarize the best evidence of psychological distress risk and screening in breast cancer patients，so as to provide evidence-based basis for clinical practice. Methods The Chinese or English literature on the risk of psychological distress and screening of breast cancer patients published on relevant websites at home and abroad was systematically searched until July 2022. The best evidence was extracted and integrated from the literature that met the quality standards. Results A total of 11 articles were included to form 23 pieces of best evidence from four aspects: risk factors, screening time, screening content and screening tools. Conclusion The 23 best evidences extracted are of high quality and can be used as reference for screening psychological distress of breast cancer patients.