Objective To translate and revise the Palliative Care Knowledge Scale into Chinese and test its reliability and validity in middle-aged and elderly community residents, and to provide an effective tool to measure community residents′ level of knowledge about palliative care. Methods Brislin translation model was used to translate and back translate the English version of Palliative Care Knowledge Scale.Also, some items were added through qualitative interviews.Then cultural adjustment and content revision of the scale were conducted through expert consultation and pilot survey.To test the reliability and validity of the Chinese versionscale, convenience sampling method was used to select 364 community residents from 5 communities in Zhengzhou city. Results The Chinese version of Palliative Care Knowledge Scale was found to be a single-dimensional scale with 20 items and the cumulative contribution rate of variance was 62.739%; the communality of each item was greater than 0.4.The I-CVI of the scale was 0.875-1.00, the S-CVI/Ave was 0.980; the Cronbach′s α coefficient was 0.934 and the test- retest reliability coefficient was 0.808. Conclusion The Chinese version of Palliative Care Knowledge Scale was proved to be a good instrument with favourable reliability and validity in middle-aged and elderly community residents.It can serve as a valid tool to measure community residents′ level of knowledge about palliative care.