Objective To understand the status quo of catheter-related bloodstream infection （CRBSI） preventive measures applied by nurses in PICC maintenance in Hunan province, and to provide reference for standardizing nurses′ PICC maintenance practice. Methods In December 2021, 244 nurses were selected from 45 hospitals in Hunan province.A self-made questionnaire on application of CRBSI preventive measures in PICC maintenance was used in on-site observation of the nurses′ maintenance practices. Results The maintenance compliance score of the nurses was （79.59±1.82） points, indicating good overall compliance.Among the 10 dimensions, the top 3 items with highest correct rates were "evaluation of patients" （98.36%）, "hand hygiene" （94.26%） and "replacement of infusion joints" （93.85%）.The items with poorest correct rate were "standardized dressing change and catheter fi-xation" （67.21%）, and "disinfection of infusion joint （52.05%）". There was significant difference in overall compliance score of CRBSI preventive measures among nurses with different working years and with or without PICC qualification certificate （P＜0.05 for both）. Conclusion The compliance of CRBSI preventive measures applied by nurses in PICC maintenance in Hunan province is good, but there is still a gap between knowledge and practice.Targeted measures should be taken by medical institutions to improve the compliance of nurses, so as to reduce CRBSI rate.