Objective To explore the cognition on life and death among depressed adolescents with self injury behavior, so as to provide a reference for conducting life and death education. Methods A total of 20 depressed adolescents with self injury behavior were selected using purposive sampling to conduct semi-structured interview, then the interview data were analyzed by using Colaizzi 7-step method. Results Two themes and seven subthemes were extracted: the views on death (willing to think about the topic of death, expecting to discuss death, excessive calm when talking about death, existing cognitive bias), and the views on meaning of life (derived from love and being loved, confusion about the sense of meaning, and life is meaningless). Conclusion The cognition on death among depressed adolescents with self injuring behavior is biased, and they don′t form correct attitude toward life and death. Medical staff should conduct life and death education for depressed adolescents,to help them seeking and owning the meaning of life, so as to establish a correct view of life and death and values.