Objective To compare the differences in discharge readiness and quality of discharge teaching between patients and caregivers after cardiac valve replacement （CVR） surgery. Methods Totally, 138 patients after CVR surgery and their caregivers were surveyed with a general data questionnaire, the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale（RHDS） and the Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale （QDTS）. Results The patients scored (160.33±38.92) points, while the caregivers scored （168.25±35.17） points in readiness for hospital discharge， without significant difference between the dyads (P>0.05); the patients scored (148.29±32.24) points, and the caregivers scored （162.68±24.36）points in quality of discharge teaching, with significant difference between the dyads (P<0.01). Conclusion Discharge readiness of patients and their caregivers after CVR surgery and the quality of discharge teaching were at medium level. In clinical work, nurses should pay attention to discharge services for patients, take measures to improve discharge readiness of patients, in an effort to reduce complications and readmission rate.