Objective To construct a risk assessment scale of venous thrombosis for intraoperative gynecological patients, so as to provide an effective clinical assessment tool. Methods Based on the theory of three elements of Virchow thrombosis, the items pool of a draft scale was developed by extensive literature review and referring to relevant guidelines and commonly used scales, then a 2-round expert consultation was conducted on 15 experts using Delphi method. Results The experts′ response rate was both 100% in the 2 rounds, the coefficient of expert authority was 0.81, and the coordination coefficient of expert opinions was 0.55 and 0.58 respectively. The final assessment scale included 4 first-level indicators, 16 second-level indicators and 38 third-level indicators. Conclusion The content of the constructed risk assessment scale of venous thrombosis for intraoperative gynecological patients is comprehensive and scientific. It is necessary to further verify its clinical predictive effect, so as to provide a tool assessing the risk of venous thrombosis for intraoperative gynecological patients.