Objective To investigate the level and factors associated with acceptance of pain among patients with chronic pain, and to provide reference for targeted intervention. Methods A total of 295 patients with chronic pain and a numeric-rating pain score≥3 were surveyed using the Chinese version of Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire-8 and self-designed general information questionnaire. Results The sample scored 22.52±10.78 on pain acceptance, with the activity engagement subscale score higher than pain willingness subscale score. Hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed that residence, divorcedment/widowhood, number of pain and pain intensity were factors affecting pain acceptance, explaining 15.1% of the total variance (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Pain acceptance of patients with chronic pain was at low level. Attention should be paid to those who live in rural area, who are divorced/widowed, and who have pain at multiple sites and greater pain severity.