Objective To compile the Nutrition Literacy Scale for Caregivers of Home-residing Stroke Patients and test its reliability and validity, and to provide reference for caregiver nutrition literacy assessment. Methods Based on literature review, qualitative interviews, expert consultation, etc., the Nutrition Literacy Scale for Caregivers of Home-residing Stroke Patients was drafted and used to measure 306 caregivers of home-residing stroke patients for evaluation of its reliability and validity. Results The scale-level content validity index of the scale was 0.900, and the item-level content validity index ranged from 0.800 to 1.000. Exploratory factor analysis extracted four factors, including cognitive attitude, knowledge mastery, skills, and information interaction and judgment, all explaining 56.492% of the total variation. There was a positive correlation between either pair of dimension scores, and between each dimension score and the total score of the scale（P<0.01 for all）. The overall Cronbach′s α of the scale was 0.940, and the Cronbach′s α of each dimension was 0.828-0.929. The half-reliability was 0.767, the retest reliability was 0.920, and the retest reliability of each dimension ranged from 0.768 to 0.910. The final scale consists of 4 dimensions and 36 items. Conclusion The Nutrition Literacy Scale for Caregivers of Home-residing Stroke Patients enjoys good reliability and validity, and it can be used to assess the nutritional literacy level of caregivers of home residing stroke patients.