Objective To investigate the levels of knowledge, belief, and practices of safety management of oral anticancer drugs among cancer patients, and to provide reference for development of education program on oral anticancer drugs. Methods A self-administered questionnaire on safety management of oral anticancer drugs was used to investigate 182 cancer patients. Results The samples scored 43.71±8.70 on knowledge, 51.10±9.37 on attitude, and 49.00±7.37 on behavior. Knowledge, attitude, and behavior scores showed significantly positive correlations （P＜0.01 for all）. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that safety management behavior of oral anticancer drugs was affected by education levels, oral anticancer drug use time, and the counts of safety management education (P＜0.05,P＜0.01). Conclusion Knowledge, attitude and behavior of safety management of oral anticancer drugs are at low level among patients undergoing oral chemotherapy, therefore health education should be strengthened to ensure the safe use of oral anticancer drugs.