Objective To translate the English version of the Nurses′ Moral Courage Scale （NMCS） into Chinese,and to test its reliability and validity in Chinese nurses. Methods A total of 504 clinical nurses were tested by the Chinese version of NMCS which was introduced through the Brislin′s model of translation, back- translation and cultural adaptation to verify its reliability and validity. Results The Chinese version of NMCS enjoys a content validity index of 0.910. The validity was assessed by factor analysis:four common factors, with a cumulative contribution rate of 60.567%, were extracted from exploratory factor analysis; the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model had a satisfactory goodness-of-fit ［χ2/df=2.100，the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation （RMSEA）=0.066, NFI=0.843，TLI=0.897，IFI=0.911，CFI=0.910］. Reliability analysis showed that the Cronbach′s α coefficient of the scale was 0.905, and of each dimension ranged from 0.778 to 0.902; the split-half coefficient of the scale was 0.884,and of each dimension was between 0.769 and 0.868; the retest reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.935,and of each dimension was between 0.722 and 0.837. Conclusion The Chinese version of Nurses′ Moral Courage Scale has been proved to be reliable and valid. It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of the moral courage of domestic clinical nurses.