Objective To assess the influence of volume management intervention based on transtheoretical model (stages of change theory) on water-salt control in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Methods Totally,110 patients on peritoneal dialysis were randomly divided into a control group （n=55）,who received routine nursing intervention, and an intervention group （n=55）, who received volume management intervention based on transtheoretical model (stages of change theory).The effect measures were compared after 6 months. Results After intervention, the intervention group had better volume management behaviors, less fluid intake and salt intake than the control group; the former also had lower incidence rates of anorexia, edema, shortness of breath, chest tightness,etc., and fewer thirsty scores and body weights than the latter （P＜0.05,P＜0.01）. The urine volume of the two groups decreased gradually, and there was no significant difference in ultrafiltration in both groups before and after intervention （P＞0.05 for all）. Conclusion Volume management intervention based on transtheoretical model (stages of change theory) could strengthen patients′ behavior change of volume management,improve their water and salt adherence,and improve patient volume associated conditions.