Objective To examine the relationship between meaning of life and quality of life （QOL） in Chinese patients with hematologic neoplasms （HN）. Methods Totally, 190 HN patients were recruited to complete the Meaning in Life Questionnaire （MLQ） and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General（FACT-G）. Results The total score of MLQ in HN patients was （43.47±9.48）, and the total score of FACT-G was （46.81±14.32）, with the former positively correlated to the latter and the dimensions of functional well-being, and social/family well-being（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）.Genders, knowledge level of the diagnosis and the di-sease conditions, KPS scores, and the search of meaning in life dimension contributed to influence QOL of the patients （P＜0.05，P＜0.01）. Conclusion HN patients sensed a high level of meaning in life, while they had poor QOL.Patients who were females, more knowledgeable of the diagnosis and the disease conditions, who had higher ability to perform ordinary tasks,and who were more actively searching for meaning in life, tended to have higher QOL level. Medical workers need to value patient involvement in search of meaning in life, in an effort to improve QOL of patients.