Objective To evaluate and summarize the best evidence of alleviating pain caused by peripheral intravenous infusion of potassium chloride, and to provide reference for clinical related nursing practice. Methods We retrieved all the literatures on the relief methods of pain caused by potassium containing solution infusion in Medline, Emabase database, the Cochrane library, JBI evidence-based health care international cooperation center library, BMJ best clinical practice, Registered Nurses′ Association of Ontario (RNAO), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Infusion Nurse Society(INS), Chinese clinical guidelines network, the Chinese nursing association and original literature database PubMed, web of science, CNKI, SinoMed, Wan Fang data and VIP database using computer, since the foundation of these database to May 2018,which included clinical practice guidelines, the best practices information booklets, recommended practices, systematic review and original articles. Results Finally, 6 literatures were included, which consisted of 1 systematic review of lidocaine use and 5 original articles. And four categories of evidence were summarized,which were a small amount of lidocaine intravenous injection, the combined use with sodium chloride solution, external application of bone-setting water and musk ointment, and local ice compression, including 9 items of evidence. Conclusion Alleviating the pain casued by peripheral intravenous potassium chloride injection could increase patients′ comfort and treatment compliance, medical staff should use the evidence according to the best clinical evidence and the actual medical condition of the hospital, so as to increase nursing quality.