Objective To evaluate the application effect of process quality control program based on early warning concept in critically ill patients undergoing continuous blood purification (CBP) treatment. Methods Eighty-five patients undergoing CBP in ICU were divided into a control group and an early warning group according to different regions. Fourty three patients in the control group experienced 80 case times CBP treatment and received routine nursing; and 42 patients in the early warning group underwent 78 case times CBP treatment and additionally received process quality control program based on early warning concept. The instrument alarm during CBP treatment, filter coagulation rate and the duration of treatment of the two groups were compared. Results The frequency of instrument alarm during CBP treatment and the blood coagulation rate of 8-24 h and ≥24 h in the early warning group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the duration of treatment was significantly longer than that of the control group （P＜0.05，P＜0.01）. Conclusion The process quality control program based on early warning concept could effectively reduce the alarm frequency and the coagulation rate of the filter during CBP treatment, prolong the duration of treatment, and guarantee the successful completion of CBP treatment.