Objective To improve the effect of emergency rescue training for junior nurses working in department of neurosurgery. Methods Totally, 58 N0 to N1 nurses working in department of neurosurgery were randomly divided into two groups of 29 each.Routine training were applied to the control group, while the disease-oriented case study, including writing reflective diaries after every emergency rescue and participating in case discussions, were applied to the observation group on the basis of routine training.Both groups were evaluated after 4 months of continuous training. Results A total of 26 participants of the observation group and 28 participants of the control group were evaluated with the basic life support skill tests, with the the observation group achieving better results than the control group (P＜0.01).A total of 21 participants of the observation group and 19 participants of the control group participated in the mini-clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX), with the observation group scoring higher than the control group regarding physical assessment of patients, clinical judgment, consultation and communication, organizing ability and wor-king efficiency, and overall clnical competency（P＜0.01 for all）. Conclusion Use of reflective diary writing combined with case case study as a training mode is more effective in improving emergency rescue ability compared to the routine training for junior nurses working in department of neurosurgery.