Objective To explore the maternal factors relevant to the occurrence of congenital heart disease （CHD） in Chinese population, and to provide evidence for the etiology study and the prevention of CHD. Methods A computerized literature search was conducted in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, CBM, PubMed, Embase and Web of science databases from their inception to April, 2018 to collect relevant studies.Then more studies were retrieved and traced manually.After literature screening,quality appraisal,and data extraction, Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 14.0. Results A total of 52 case-control studies involving 14891 cases and 19824 controls were included.Meta-analysis showed that the major maternal factors of CHD in Chinese population were as follows:catching a cold during pregnancy（OR=3.11,95%CI2.39-4.04）, medication use during pregnancy（OR=2.68,95%CI2.32-3.10）, exposure to toxic chemicals during pregnancy（OR=3.59,95%CI2.41-5.36）,infection during pregnancy（OR=3.02,95%CI2.29-3.99）, abnormal childbearing history（OR=2.08,95%CI1.77-2.44）, mental stimulation during pregnancy（OR=3.64,95%CI2.42-5.48）, passive smoking during pregnancy（OR=2.91,95%CI1.91-4.42）, and periconceptional folic acid supplementation（OR=0.50,95%CI0.43-0.59）, periconceptional vitamin and trace elements supplementation（OR=0.45,95%CI0.36-0.58）, pregnancy comorbidities（OR=3.50,95%CI2.48-4.94）, exposure to noises（OR=3.19,95%CI2.37-4.29）. Conclusion Maternal cold, medication use, exposure to chemical toxic substances, infection, abnormal childbearing history, mental stimulation, passive smoking, pregnancy comorbidities, exposure to noises during pregnancy are the risk factors of CHD in Chinese population, while periconceptional folic acid, vitamin and trace elements supplementation, are the protective factors of CHD.