Objective To explore the chain mediating effect of social relational quality and self-care ability on the relationship between stigma and social avoidance and distress in patients with cervical cancer, so as to provide reference for taking measures to promote social integration of patients with cervical cancer. Methods A total of 225 patients with cervical cancer were surveyed with Social Relational Quality Scale, the Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale, Social Impact Scale, Social Avoidance and Distress Scale. Amos software was used to establish the structural equation model and to test the chain mediation effect. Results Score of social avoidance and distress in patients with cervical cancer was (17.38±3.72). Social avoidance and distress in patients with cervical cancer were positively correlated with stigma, and negatively correlated with social relational quality and self-care ability (all P<0.05). The chain mediation effect of social relational quality and self-care ability on cervical cancer patients′ stigma, social avoidance and distress was established, and the total indirect effect was 42.79%. Conclusion The social avoidance and distress of cervical cancer patients are at a moderate level, and the higher the stigma of the patients, the more serious the social avoidance and distress. Social avoidance and distress can be reduced by reducing the stigma, improving the social relational quality and self-care ability.