Objective To translate the Health Sciences Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire （HS-EBP） into Chinese and test its reliability and validity in clinical nurses in Shanghai. Methods We used Brislin′s translation-back-translation model to translate HS-EBP into Chinese, and conducted cultural adaptation to form the initial version of the questionnaire.Then we used convenience sampling method to select clinical nurses from 6 hospitals in Shanghai for questionnaire survey (200 nurses in the first survey and 502 nurses in the second survey).The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were examined in survey data. Results Exploratory factor analysis extracted 5 common factors (beliefs and attitudes, scientific research results, evidence-based decision-making ability, effect evaluation, and obstacles/facilitators), and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 85.087%.The questionnaire level content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) was 0.950.The Cronbach′s α coefficient was 0.994.The half-reliability coefficient was 0.910.The retest-reliability coefficient was 0.823.The 5-dimension structure constructed through confirmatory factor analysis yielded good fit indexes (χ2/df=2.993,RMSEA=0.078,CFI=0.901,IFI=0.902). Conclusion The Chinese version of HS-EBP has good reliability and validity. It can be used as a measurement tool for clinical nurses′ ability to implement evidence-based practice and for the effect of evidence-based practice.