Objective To explore the influence of nurses′ information literacy and evidence-based nursing ability on innovative behavior, and to provide reference for improving nurses′ innovative behavior. Methods A total of 1,304 nurses from five tertiary grade A hospitals in Beijing were surveyed using the general information questionnaire, Nurses′ Innovative Behavior Scale, Information Literacy Scale, and Evidence-based Nursing Ability Scale. Results The score of innovative behavior among nurses was (32.28±6.42) points, while nurses′ information literacy score was (75.40±8.35), and the evidence-based nursing ability score was (44.62±8.78).Pearson correlation analysis showed that nurses′ innovative behavior was positively correlated with their information literacy and evidence-based nursing ability (both P＜0.05).Multivariate hierarchical regression analysis showed that nurses′ information literacy, evidence-based nursing ability were the main factors influencing nurses′ innovative behavior (all P＜0.05), which could explain 64.4% of the total variation. Conclusion Nurses′ innovative behavior is at a moderate level.Medical institutions can carry out training from the aspects of nurses′ information literacy and evidence-based nursing ability, give full play to the role of nurses′ information literacy and evidence-based nursing ability in promoting their innovative behavior, and encourage highly educated and professional nurses to play their advantages to further improve the level of innovative behavior of nurses.