Objective To identify enablers and barriers related to exercise rehabilitation among patients with heart failure, so as to provide a reference for conducting targeted exercise rehabilitation for this population. Methods Studies related to enablers and barriers of exercise rehabilitation in patients with heart failure were retrieved from the electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, ProQuest, SinoMed, Wanfang, VIP and CNKI from the establishment of the database to January 2023. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, relevant studies were screened; two researchers independently extracted data and evaluated the quality of included literature.Based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, the enablers and barriers were analyzed. Results A total of 19 studies were included with 2 576 participants.By extracting the results from the included literature, totally 15 enablers and 20 barriers of exercise rehabilitation among patients with heart failure were summarized, which were classified into five dimensions:intervention characteristic, outer setting, inner setting, individual characteristic and process. Conclusion Identification of the enablers and barriers to exercise rehabilitation among patients with heart failure according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, can provide evidence for developing exercise rehabilitation strategies for this population.Multiple strategies which address factors across several domains are recommended to facilitate exercise rehabilitation among patients with heart failure.