Objective To construct a rehabilitation intervention program for patients after anterior cervical surgery, and to provide a reference for conducting clinical rehabilitation intervention. Methods Based on intervention mapping and the behavior change wheel theory, a rehabilitation intervention program for patients after anterior cervical surgery was constructed after comprehensive literature review and semi-structured interviews on 11 patients. Results The constructed rehabilitation intervention program consisted of three levels of motivation, ability and opportunity, several elements such as education, persuasion, incentive, coercion, training and environmental reconstruction, etc., and 12 specific measures. Conclusion The constructed rehabilitation intervention program for patients after anterior cervical surgery is reliable and practical, and it can be used as evidence for clinical rehabilitation intervention.