Objective To summarize the domestic and overseas assessment tools of postoperative acute pain, and to provide references for future research in this field. Methods We systematically searched several Chinese and foreign databases, and websites of guidelines collections and organizations to retrieve publications published from the inception of databases or websites to August 1, 2022.The tools that met the inclusion criteria were picked.The basic information of the literature （title, author, country, time） and the assessment tools （name, intended population, assessment contents, advantages and disadvantages, reliability and validity） was extracted and analyzed. Results A total of 632 publications were included, and combed through for the most frequently cited tool or most representative publications.Finally, 31 articles and 31 postoperative pain assessment tools were selected for analysis.Of the 31 tools, 18 were scales, 7 were questionnaires and 6 measuring physiological indicators.Classified by theme, 22 tools were inten-ded to evaluate the degree of postoperative pain and 9 tools to check the effect and quality of postoperative analgesia. Conclusion There are many kinds of post-operative pain assessment tools, each with its different scope of application, advantages and disadvantages.Medical workers are suggested to reasonably weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each tool and select the optimal one to achieve objective assessment results.Meanwhile, the research on postoperative pain prediction and preemptive intervention is in its infancy and needs further exploration.